English: With the accelerated construction of new power systems, demand-side resources such as distributed photovoltaics, energy storage, and adjustable loads are growing explosively. The traditional "generation follows load" dispatch paradigm is finding it difficult to address structural challenges such as power flow uncertainty, weakened frequency support, and insufficient peak-shaving margins brought about by the high penetration of renewable energy. As a key technical carrier for aggregating all-element resources on the demand side, Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) are transforming from "passive response" to "active support." They not only participate in energy market bidding but also need to provide quantifiable and verifiable active support capabilities for the power grid in dimensions such as frequency stability, voltage regulation, and reserve capacity.

中文: 随着新型电力系统建设加速推进，分布式光伏、储能、可调节负荷等需求侧资源呈爆发式增长，传统"源随荷动"的调度范式已难以应对高比例新能源接入带来的潮流不确定性、频率支撑能力弱化和调峰裕度不足等结构性挑战。虚拟电厂作为聚合需求侧全要素资源的关键技术载体，正由“被动响应”向“主动支撑”转型，不仅参与电能量量价申报，更需在频率稳定、电压调节、备用容量等多维度为电网提供可量化、可考核的主动支撑能力。